Oedipus Rex vs. Hamlet

A snake, which weaves itself throughout the veins of a family, spews its fatal venom into capillaries and infecting the soul. The poison of betrayal, despair and the disease of the psyches cloud the mind in both Oedipus Rex and Hamlet. In both instances, all characters fall victim to a shattered world, ripped apart by failed expectancies. Prince Hamlet and King Oedipus both watch as their families become dismembered. There was a pattern of ideals that were violated and corrupt, progressing the plays’ actions. The helping hands which aided the unraveling of their lives were perverted concepts, everyday characteristics needed to lead a sane life. These corrupt philosophies which color the pages of these plays touch on the ideals of cursed love, crumbled loyalty, a broken family and the virtue of suffering; all of which aid in the destined doom of the characters. Love is golden, pure. It’s the saving grace which sheds light in the darkest of nights. But in our main characters’ stories, it’s part of their downfall. In both novels, love is one of the threads that are snapped. The tainted, incestuous love of Jocasta and Oedipus Rex helped to prove the prophecy true. It was essentially a mockery of what love is, for they believed it to be true but in the end what they really felt was the love of a mother to her son. Teiresias lays the first seed of their crime, crying to him, â€Å"I say thou livest with thy nearest kin in infamy, unwitting in thy shame. † As the truth unfolds and the couple begins to realize the depth of their sins, the love which they once knew morphs into an ugly, distorted perversion. It resulted in Jocasta’s suicide and Oedipus’s loss of sanity. The revolting reality that the truth posed was too much for the characters to rationalize. In the case of Hamlet, Ophelia’s rejection only added to the deep depression that already colored the Prince’s mind. Hamlet’s spurned desire caused him to alienate Ophelia, leaving him lonelier and believing that there was no one there for him. As he was contemplating suicide, he includes the â€Å"pangs of despised love† as one of the wounds that ravage his mind. Our Prince is angered by Ophelia’s rejection and unleashes his wrath on her, accusing that â€Å"God has given you one face and you make yourselves another. You jig and amble, and you lisp, you nickname God’s creatures and make your wantonness your ignorance. † His isolation and cruelty left Ophelia reeling and despairing, thus ending with the taking of her own life. Another instance of â€Å"incest† was between Claudius and Gertrude. The taboo of their relationship brought about Gertrude’s death and added to Hamlet’s reasons for avenging his father by murdering Claudius. When the cement bonds of family are crushed and ground into dirt, it could cause one to question their life, their worth. All they’ve known vanishes. Family is the stoic rock that is supposed to support you, be there for you in times of need. As Oedipus inadvertently betrays himself and his family, he spells out the demise of his blood line and all others involved. His family becomes a perversion of what a true one should be, spawned out of betrayal and sin. His realization of his broken family snaps his sanity, crying out, â€Å"Then had I never come to shed my father's blood nor climbed my mother's bed; the monstrous offspring of a womb defiled, co-mate of him who gendered me, and child. Was ever man before afflicted thus, like Oedipus? because of the God’s will, he kills his own father and sleeps with his mother. He’s fulfilling the prophecy and his destiny, committing taboos that will end up ripping apart the seams of his rational mind. The betrayal of Jocasta and Laius helped the story to progress as well. If they’d never abandoned their newborn son for death, Oedipus might have avoided ignorantly sleepi ng with his mother and carelessly murdering his father. The cursed King also broke the trust of his people. He alone was the cause of the plague that claimed so many innocent citizens of Thebes. Oedipus only wasted time and effort trying to search for the culprit when it was he who was the villain, accusing the innocent of treachery and pointing his finger at all the wrong places. The lover’s tryst between Ophelia and Hamlet could be categorized as betrayal as well as spurned love. Hamlet looked to the woman he loved for support in his dark time, but she refused him and sent him away at the advice of her father. He illustrates his sense of deception when he says, â€Å"Ay, truly, for the power of beauty will sooner transform honesty from what it is to a bawd than the force of honesty can translate beauty into his likeness. This was sometime a paradox, but now the time gives it proof. I did love you once. † The advice Ophelia received from Polonius to stop seeing Hamlet made the Prince believe that she was just a whore, playing with his emotions. The relationship of Gertrude and Polonius also created a sense of disloyalty for Hamlet. The Queen hardly endured the mourning period of her late husband before diving into bed with King Hamlet’s murderer. Hamlet formulated a distrust for women as a result of his mother’s actions, lashing out at Ophelia exclaiming, â€Å"Get thee to a nunnery. Why wouldst thou be a breeder of sinners? I am myself indifferent honest, but yet I could accuse me of such things that it were better my mother had not borne me. † Once Hamlet learned that his mother was not only sleeping with the King’s brother, but his murderer as well, the knife of disloyalty cut even deeper. Revenge then began to taint his mind with the realization of this great betrayal. But, the driving force behind the thirst for the death of Claudius came from the broken trust between brothers. As Claudius poured the venom into King Hamlet’s ear, it sealed his own death. In both Hamlet and Oedipus Rex, the drama revolves around a broken and disjointed family. Your relatives are those you trust, a net to catch you from any treacherous fall. Oedipus tears apart his family as he taints it with murder and incest, incurring his madness and his parent’s demise. He knows that because of his dark deeds, he has set a life for his daughters in which they’ll always be haunted by his actions. His knowledge of this sin makes him spurn himself, â€Å"Their father slew his father, sowed the seed where he himself was gendered, and begat these maidens at the source wherefrom he sprang. Jocasta and Laius also aided in the destruction of their family’s foundation when they tried to kill their own son. Oedipus narrates this when he claims, â€Å"No, let me be a dweller on the hills, on yonder mount Cithaeron, famed as mine, my tomb predestined for me by my sire and mother, while they lived, that I may die slain as they sought to slay me, when aliv e. † But, destiny won out and punished them for their cruelty, for the prophecy was still fulfilled. In the case of Hamlet, Claudius takes a sledgehammer to the Royal family of Denmark when he kills his own brother. This action was the spark which ignited the flame that would engulf the entire family. The Ghost of King Hamlet exposes the treachery of his brother, revealing â€Å"But know, thou noble youth, the serpent that did sting thy father’s life now wears his crown. † The loss of his father was the initiating action that commenced Hamlet’s depression and the discovery of Claudius’s role spurs him to consider murdering Claudius. When Hamlet finally avenges his father, he makes his uncle’s broken brotherhood known, â€Å"Here, thou incestuous, murderous, damned Dane, drink off this potion. Is thy union here? Follow my mother. † Another family wrecked in the play was Polonius’s family. As a conspirator to Claudius, he received his karma when Hamlet killed him. His action brought down his children as well. He convinced Ophelia to disregard Hamlet’s advances, thus incurring the Prince’s loathing for her and making her commit suicide. Claudius convinced Laertes that Hamlet was sick in the mind, dangerous, and the cause for the death of his family. The actions of the two men brought down this second family, as Polonius’s children were lured into the deceiving web of lies which they had spun. Like the venom poured into King Hamlet’s ear, another type of poison seethed into the minds of our plays’ characters. These doomed persons both endured torturous suffering of the mind and the heart. In Oedipus Rex, Jocasta couldn’t bear the knowledge of the terrible sins she had committed. In her last despairing words, she cries â€Å"O woe is thee, poor wretch! With that last word I leave thee, henceforth silent evermore. † Oedipus couldn’t stomach his own tainted self and whatever was left of his corrupted family. His plea cries for blindness, to blacken all that is sinful, â€Å"Dark, dark! The horror of darkness, like a shroud, wraps me and bears me on through mist and cloud. Ah me, ah me! What spasms athwart me shoot, what pangs of agonizing memory? † But no matter what he does, he cannot escape his sins, even as he stabs his eyes. The suffering of these characters, brought on by the knowledge of what they had committed, was the ultimate weapon which ended them. Our Prince Hamlet was inflicted with the disease of the mind, depression. It lingered in the corners of his mind, a black cloud which fostered his dark thoughts and wishes to avenge his father and all who has wronged him. Hamlet also questions the validity of living, whether it was worth it. â€Å"To be or not to be? † To live or not to live? He’s outlining his depression in that soliloquy, debating â€Å"whether ‘tis nobler in the mind to suffer the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune or to take to arms against a sea of troubles and by opposing end them. † He paints the image of his tired mind set, for â€Å"who would be the whips and scorns of time? There is also poor Ophelia, who has cracked underneath her ex-love’s cruel words. â€Å"Well, God'ield you! † She cries in her insanity, â€Å"They say the owl was a baker’s daughter. Lord, we know what we are, but know not what we may be. God be at your table. † She cries her nonsensical words, demonstrating her fragile state of mind. She ultimately becomes so haunted by the stinging words of Hamlet that she cannot bear her life any longer, thus drowning herself. Both of these characters’ sufferings gave rise to their final death. In the works of Oedipus Rex and Hamlet, the main characters all suffer a tragic end. It’s the themes that permeate the pages which causes their ultimate doom. When a chain of events are set into motion, un-foretold consequences may lurk behind. And so those consequences begin to taint the concepts that we all inherently rely on for a happy life. As human beings, we strive to attain love, to be accepted into one’s heart and to do the same. Accompanying love is the expectancy of fidelity. When Prince Hamlet witnessed the countless deceptions, he lost faith in his fellow man. Also family, in which there are ties that are stronger than ever, is expected to remain truthful and just to their relationships but this is violated in both plays. As a result, the violation of all the expected concepts brings about the plague of despair that infects one’s mind. At the realization that life isn’t living up to what they hoped for, questions of existence arise. And so these ideals of cursed love, crumbled loyalty, a broken family and the virtue of suffering all spelled out the imminent demise of our poor characters.

Perception On Political Candidates Health And Social Care Essay

1.0 Introduction This papers nowadayss proposed sentiment canvass research. The sentiment canvass aims at reading the market and calculate public sentiment on their perceptual experience on political campaigners. Specifying of sentiment canvass It is an effort to happen out what components of Embu county in general, what they think about a Embu county leading and the capableness of the prospective campaigner. This Public sentiment is influenced by the new development in the Kenya new fundamental law and peculiarly power degeneration to the county degree. Purpose of sentiment canvass The Purpose of the proposed sentiment canvass research will be to assist the prospective campaigner know most of the components. 1.4 Goal of sentiment canvass The end of the proposed sentiment canvass is to plan and to develop a scheme that will happen the winning statements for the run, its strengths and failings, every bit good as the strengths and possible exposures of your opposition, by to hold a dependable step of public sentiment through a custom-designed questionnaires for for the campaigners County. 1.5 Objective of the sentiment canvass 1. To have nonsubjective sentiment, non subjective sentiments, and learns what events will impact public sentiment. 2. To guarantee that the research findings read the market and calculate public sentiment on their perceptual experience on the political campaigner. 3. To inform the prospective political campaigner about the canvass consequences, findings, the deduction on their campaigning and subsequent authorization at the county. 1.6 This proposal contain A Planning Model: Goals set, mark audiences, strategic consequences to be identified. A campaign/ political Communications Scheme: Substantial and operational precedences and attacks. A Program Plan: Programs, plan direction, and plan resources set to implement the scheme. Components Plans: Execution programs for campaign/ political Communications Strategy. 1.7 Background to county In the proposed bill of exchange fundamental law, Kenya is to be divided into 47 counties based on the territories created in 1992. With respect to degeneration, the state will hold a authorities construction with two domains: national and county authoritiess. The remotion of parts has efficaciously left county authoritiess as the point of balance between the national and the county authoritiess. Removal of parts has besides shifted sub-national peace and integrity attempts from parts to the local degree. The bill of exchange does non order a entire inspection and repair of the current local authorities construction ; it leaves the issue unfastened until such a clip that new local authorities statute law will be enacted. A careful reading of the bill of exchange shows that proposed county authoritiess will execute both cardinal and local authorities maps. The proposed devolved authorities has the aim of heightening national integrity through acknowledgment of diverseness. This means county authoritiess will hold to exert their maps in a mode that promotes local harmoniousness. This will chiefly be achieved through just and democratically agreed precedences for local development. Further, local peace can be achieved through a politically inclusive attack to development, which accommodates minority involvements. In this manner, communities will be united by a normally agreed development docket. Matters such as assignments to county authorities places should reflect the diverseness of the communities served by the several county authoritiess. The county authorities will be the closest direct contact with local communities. 1.7.1 Vision One of the cardinal reforms of the Constitution is the constitution of degeneration through county authoritiess. Chiefly, it is a response to the tremendous centralization of province power at the Centre and in the presidential term, accentuated by the abrasion of local authorities. For many people, the chief contact with authorities has been with Provincial and District Commissioners and Chiefs, finally responsible to the President. On a more political degree, the centralization of power, by and large exercised by a little clique of people around the President, marginalised communities and parts that were perceived to be opposed to the government. Economically, endeavors and employment tended to concentrate in Nairobi, and led to migration from rural to urban countries. For an apprehension of the grounds for degeneration, one can non make better than read Article 174.They include democratization, answerability, increased cheques and balances, national integrity, recognizing diverseness and protecting minorities, economic development and entree to services, and just sharing of national and local resources. This is an ambitious docket, carried over from the CKRC and Bomas bill of exchanges, but without the same institutional agreements and devolved powers. Degeneration is partially a affair of jurisprudence and partially of conventions and pattern. It will come into consequence merely after the following General Elections, when the county assemblies and governors will be elected. There is adequate flexibleness as to the development and operation of the system. Powers and money will be transferred merely when the capacity to manage them has been established in the county. County authoritiess could hold that the national authorities should make certain things for them, or the national authorities could hold that the counties, or those of them with the capacity, should take over certain national authorities maps. Torahs can be made to give new powers to the counties. The system is to be phased in so that maps are transferred bit by bit to counties that can manage them, and non all counties need acquire all the powers at the same clip. Although the national authorities can do Torahs about everything, including subjects on which counties may do Torahs, national authorities jurisprudence will take precedency merely if there is good ground for holding national instead than county Torahs. Flexibility is doubtless a good thing, but it requires complex systems of dialogue and determination devising. The fundamental law recognizes this and provides for co-operation between the national and county authoritiess, with a critical function for the Senate as a kind of negociating forum at the same clip as it protects the involvements of counties. There are besides mechanisms for guaranting that counties observe the rights of all the occupants and carry out disposal consistent with the values of degeneration. On the other manus, it is of import that the national authorities realises that degeneration is an indispensable constituent of the new system of the province – and counties have constitutionally guaranteed position and powers – and defy the enticement to order to them. Despite this positive model, there are serious anxiousnesss about degeneration. Paradoxically, some are disquieted about excessively much powers being handed over to counties, others ( like us ) that excessively small power is guaranteed. But we have noted above the flexibleness in this respect. Some fear favoritism against minorities within the counties, and the inclination of the dominant cultural group to allow all county offices and resources. Groups who have migrated into a county in recent times are fearful even of eviction. We must take these anxiousnesss earnestly. The fundamental law does cover with them. All citizens have equal rights where of all time they live, and the Bill of Rights has a strong system of enforcement. Some liberty can be provided for minorities located in countries where they are numerically prevailing through local authorities. Minorities are to be proportionately represented in county assemblies and the executive. Ultimately, there is authorization for the national authorities to step in in a county which violates the rights of its occupants ( under the class of â€Å" exceeding fortunes † ) , after question by an independent committee. While fright of favoritism is apprehensible, it is of import to remind ourselves that an of import intent of degeneration is to increase national integrity, non endanger it. Leaderships at the county degree, every bit much as at the national degree, have constitutional duties to advance inter-ethnic harmoniousness, societal justness and the protection of human rights. Groups which have suffered in the past due to revengeful policies of the cardinal authorities will now happen it easier, through the county system, to experience secure, take part in public personal businesss, negotiate with the national authorities and incorporate politically. If this happens, national integrity will be strengthened. And this will be assisted by the demand of just distribution of resources, and particular aid to the less developed counties. There are besides anxiousnesss about the fiscal deductions of degeneration. The costs attributed to degeneration are non new costs: we already have budgets for territories, including for county councils, some points of the bing cardinal authorities budget will be transferred to counties as the maps are transferred, and we already have some financess which are on a regular basis earmarked for territories. Hopefully, the Salaries and Remuneration Commission will set up realistic wages for public officers, and the jurisprudence might see supplying merely allowances, non wages, for members of county assemblies, as their maps will non name for full clip committedness – an attack favoured by the CKRC. But, more significantly, there is no â€Å" nothing amount † arithmetic in these affairs. Degeneration has the possible to open up new chances for economic development, and the rise of new growing Centres as county authoritiess experience the force per unit area to present to the new electorates. We need to set degeneration in the context of the new fundamental law. The fundamental law is about democratisation, with the people at the Centre of the political system. Degeneration can be really empowering, as the illustration of India and several other states has shown. But it will non go on automatically, and we need to remind ourselves how dreadfully incorrect waies county authoritiess can take. Those who are already tasting chances of governorships, senatorships, and other moneymaking offices should retrieve that the new fundamental law is about service to the people, the unity of leading, the criminalisation of incitation to cultural hates, the publicity of just disposal, and finally inclusion of all. The fundamental law besides calls upon the people to see to it that the leaders they choose respect these values. Chapter Two: Situation ANALYSIS 2.0 Analyzing the state of affairs Embu County Profile Embu County is one of the 13 Counties in Eastern Province. The County is bordered by Mbeere County to the East and South-East, Kirinyaga County to the West and Tharaka Nithi County to the North. It is divided into five administrative divisions viz. Central, Kyeni, Manyatta, Nembure and Runyenjes. The County occupies a entire country of 729.4 kmA? . Manyatta division is the largest with an country of about 208 kmA? followed by Runyenjes, Kyeni, Nembure and Central division in that order to cover about 30 per cent of the territory country. Runyenjes Division is the largest with an country of 148.5 kmA? ( 20 % ) followed by Manyatta, Kyeni and Nembure busying 14.7 kmA? , 14.4 kmA? and 12.1 kmA? . Central Division is the smallest with 70.6 kmA? . In footings of population, Manyatta Division has the highest accounting for 25.6 % . Runyenjes was 2nd with 23 % , Central 18.9 % , Kyeni 17.4 % , Nembure 14.9 % and the least was Mt. Kenya with 0.1 % . Population densenesss are comparatively high, with Central Division holding 869 individuals per kmA? in twelvemonth 2010. This is chiefly due to its urban features since it includes Embu Municipality. Runyenjes Division the lowest denseness of 454. Demographic and population profile Harmonizing to the 1999 Population and Housing Census, Embu territory had a entire population of 288,196 It is expected to turn at a rate of 1.7 per centum lifting to 294,061 in twelvemonth 2005 and 294,558 at the terminal of the program period ( twelvemonth 2010 ) . The projections shown in table 3 below indicates that the immature population of less 15 old ages comprises 38 % of the entire population while the proportion of those age 60 old ages was estimated at 5.6 % . Both groups will add up to 43.6 % connoting a dependence ratio of 100:73. The big figure of dependents will take to a low nest eggs and strive the bing wellness instruction installations. The female population is higher than males, with a sex ratio of 96 males to 100 females as at 1999. All the age cohorts except 0-4, 5-9 and 45-49 have higher females than male population. This could be due to more males than females migrate to urban Centres in hunt of employment chances. Social welfare indexs Education The population of primary school traveling kids is projected to increase from 56,484 recorded in 1999 to 65,822 in twelvemonth 2008 stand foring an absolute addition of 16.5 % or 9,338. The challenge for the county during the program period is should hence be enlargement of primary instruction installations and constitution of young person engineering schools to provide for primary school bead outs. The secondary school traveling age group ( 14-17 ) stood at 29,316 during the 1999 Population and Housing Census. It is projected to increase from 34,163 in 2008. This tendency calls for both the enlargement of bing secondary schools and constitution of new 1s as the increased degree of instruction is a pre-quisite to human development and hence poorness decrease. Labour force Harmonizing to 1999 Population and Housing Census, labour force estimations stood at 159,697, stand foring 57 % of the entire population as at that clip. It is projected to increase to 186,596 by the terminal of the twelvemonth 2008. This calls for the creative activity of occupation chances to fit growing. Poverty analysis Harmonizing to the Report on Poverty in Kenya 2000, the figure of people in absolute poorness in Embu was 56 % of the entire population. Embu County Poverty Assessment identifies the landless, the destitute, individual female parents and the slum inhabitants as the subdivisions of the population representing the hapless. The causes of poorness include hapless entree to H2O, unequal substructure, the territory is semi-arid and is characterized by relentless drouth, unemployment of the young person which increases dependence, unavailability to recognition installations etc. Diseases such as HIV/AIDS have made people poorer as most kids are orphaned after their parent ‘s decease. Embu County had 31 wellness installations in 1996. Out of these, 5 are infirmaries, 3 are wellness Centres and 23 are dispensaries. In add-on, there are 84 private clinics. The wellness installations are equally distributed in the County although Central division is better covered because of the presence of the Provincial General Hospital. The infirmary serves as a referral establishment for other Counties. Government provides about 90 % of the wellness attention in the County. Missions and Private Medical practicians provide the remainder of the wellness attention. The ratio of infirmary beds to population is 1:522 while doctor/patient ratio is 1:10,482. The territory has 32 registered clinical officers and 470 nurses. The mean distance to the nearest installation is 10 Km. The top 10 diseases in Embu County are malaria, URTI, tegument diseases, enteric worms, accidents, oculus infections and diarrhea. Others are dental upsets, ear infections and rheumatism. Malaria histories for approximately 30 % of the disease instances in the territory. The prevalence rate of HIV/AIDS in the territory is estimated at 26 per centum. The overall impact of this flagellum will be felt in all sectors. There is, hence, demand for continued creative activity of consciousness. There is besides need for proviso of protective steps and a greater intersectoral coaction at all degrees. At the family, small town and community degrees, HIV/AIDs epidemic has strained societal cloth, overwhelmed traditional support and attention systems and traumatized households. This is a consequence of the addition in figure of AIDs Orphans, swelling figure of street kids in towns and the rush of the figure of the aged destitutes who have lost the adult-children who supported them. The HIV/AIDs pandemic has had negative consequence on the industrial labor and productiveness and has led to increased labor costs. The HIV/AIDs pandemic has besides increased the cost of wellness attention to those infected and affected every bit good as the whole wellness attention system due the increased figure of people seeking intervention for AIDs related timeserving diseases. Population and development The population of Embu County in 2002 was estimated to be 290,312 and was turning at 1.7percent per annum. The effects of this growing rate on the societal and economic development in the territory are manifested in unemployment, high dependence ratio and poorness. There were a sum of 67,406 families with an mean family size of 4. Female-headed families were 16,740 stand foring 24.9 % of the entire population. Poverty degree ( absolute ) in the territory is rather high and stands at 56 % per centum. Embu County Population 2010 Age cohort Year Male Female 0-4 16324 15439 5-9 20022 18785 10-14 22667 21286 15-19 20049 19569 20-24 13396 14989 25-29 10426 12251 30-34 8462 9738 35-39 6987 7881 40-44 5932 6219 45-49 4856 5069 50-54 3755 4236 55-59 2909 3320 60-64 2003 2125 65-69 1644 1804 70-74 1482 1776 75-79 1517 2042 80+ 2631 2967 Entire 145061 149497Main issues/problems in the territoryThe chief issues/problems refering population and development in the territory are hence: ( I ) Population and development. The issue here is weak integrating of population concerns into development planning that is chiefly due to miss of DIDC and stock list of establishments covering with population and development programmes. ( two ) Population and environment. Environment preservation has been one of the major restraints confronting Embu. This is chiefly due to poverty goaded devastation of the environment and unequal enforcement of bing environmental Torahs taking to environmental debasement and Poor waste disposal methods. ( three ) Young person and Children. High unemployment rate, high rate of school bead out for young person ( both sexes ) after induction ( Circumcision ) , lifting incidences of drug maltreatment and immorality among the young person, , high rate of early matrimonies and gestations and malnutrition taking to scrawny growing in kids are the major concerns impacting young person and kids. Children have no rights to protection, whereas the figure of orphans is on the addition. ( four ) Family. Irresponsible ingestion of spirits taking to household instability ; increased Numberss of individual parentage ; force in the household taking to separation/divorce, increased orphans, widow and widowmans were some of the issues that affected households in Embu. ( V ) Elderly and People with Disabilities. Problems confronting aged people and people with disablements include increased poorness, increased rates of forsaking of aged individuals and PWD ‘s, unequal shelter and wellness for the aged and PWD ‘s and stigmatisation of people with disablement Analysis of instutions involved in population programmes The undermentioned institutions/NGOs/CBOs/Ministries were identified as best suited to set about programmes to turn to the population and development issues raised above ; Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Planning, Ministry of Home Affairs ( DSDO ) , Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Ministry of Environment, Local Community and NGOs – ( FIDA, MYWO etc ) & A ; Religious Organizations. The tabular array below outlines the consequences of the SWOT analysis for the chief establishments that are expected to implement population and development issues: MOH, CBS, DCR, DDO, DSO, DALEO and, OOP. Integration of population variables in the development procedure Institution Strength Failings Opportunities Menaces Ministry of Planning & A ; National Development – Highly trained forces – Handiness of fiscal resources -logistical support -Mismanagement of the available resources – Poor motivated staff -Poor execution of the planned activities -Expanded web -Donor support -Competition for financess from -NGOS and spiritual organisations Population and environment Institution Strength Failings Opportunities Menaces Ministry Of Environment And Natural Resources – well trained forces – available fiscal resources – logistical support – clear policy guidelines -low morale of staff – low committedness to work – international support from bureaus like UNEP – transitions and expanded web – High population growing rate may take to environmental debasement – Nongovernmental organization may give contradictory messages to the communities they are functioning Children and young person Institution Strength Failings Opportunities Menaces Ministries of Education Science & A ; Technology, Home Affairs & A ; National Heritage and Labour & A ; Manpower Development NGOs – FPAK, Kenya Scouts, -Trained Forces – Logistic Support – Being of Institutions That Provide Education To Children And Youth – Strong Legal Backing – Resources – Highly Trained/ Motivated Personnel – Strong Mgt off programmes – Lack Of Poor Implementation Of Planned Programmes – Poor Enforcement Of The Laid Down Law – Inadequate Resources – Ill Motivated Staff – Poor Sustainability Of Programmes – Limited Coverage Of Programmes Being Implemented – Strong Government Support – Strong Donor Support – Strong Donor Support – Community Support For Programmes/Projects – Government Support – Being Of Expanded Network – High Poverty Levels Of The People Which Affects Child Care – High Hiv/Aids Prevalence Leading To High Mortality – Illiteracy Of The People – Donor Dependence 4.Family Institution Strength Failings Opportunities Menaces MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS AND MINISTRY OF EDUCATION – Trained Personnel, – Wide Coverage Favoured by Donor Community – Inadequate Staff, -Inadequate Logistic Support – Good Networking And Collaborations -Donor And Community Support – High staff abrasion – Transportation of Staff Aged and people with disablement Institution Strength Failings Opportunities Menaces MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS ( DSDO ) -Adequate Office Accommodation, – Available Resource Centre, -Sufficient Logistics & A ; -Inadequate Staff, -Services Are Concentrated In Some Partss Of The District – Donor Support, – GOK Support, – Good Networking With Other Stakeholders – Sustainability Of Programmes, – Poor Community Participation Gender positions in development Gender can be defined as the function, rights and duties that civilization and society attach to persons harmonizing to whether they are male or female which translates into privileges enjoyed by their sex. Normally society attaches values, norms and functions to males and female that causes gender disparities that are seen in all domains of life. These disparities include marginalisation of adult females in instruction, income and belongings rights and deficiency of recognition In Embu County the undermentioned issues related to gender were identified: Main issues/problems oˆ‚? Reversal of functions in old age taking to depression of the aged work forces oˆ‚? Preferential ( prejudice ) intervention of male childs. oˆ‚? Low engagement of work forces in farm and off farm activities. Analysis of establishments covering with gender The cardinal establishments that can cover with the gender issues mentioned above in the territory are ; MOEST, MOH, FPAK, DSDO, MYWO, Churches, Provincial Administration, Children Department. A SWOT analysis of the chief establishments ( DSDO, DALEO and CBO ) that can turn to gender concerns in the territory revealed the followers: Gender position in development Institution Strength Failings Opportunities Menaces Non-Governmental Organizations ( MYWO ) – Strong web – possesses committed forces – there are ongoing undertakings which are successful – fiscal support from community and givers – the organisation supports chiefly adult females – the organisation is politicized at the lower degree – has goodwill from the local communities – giver support – political intervention – competition from NCWK Institution Strength Failings Opportunities Menaces Ministry of Home Affairs, Heritage & A ; Sports – Hour angle fiscal resources for programmes and activities – has the legal backup – qualified forces up to lower degree – low morale of staff – deficiency of equipment to ease better working environment – bureaucratism in determination devising – expanded web to the locational degree – competition in execution of activities from MYWO and NCWK Generative wellness ( RH ) Generative Health ( RH ) as defined by World Health Organization ( WHO ) , is by and large a province of complete physical, mental, and societal well being in all affairs related to the RH system, and non simply the absence of disease or frailty. RH attention system therefore is inclusive of all promotive, preventative and healing services that will be contributing to the well being of the person in human reproduction and gender. In Mbeere County, different facets of proviso of generative wellness services were found to be desiring. Issues/problems related to Reproductive Health ( RH ) oˆ‚? Despite Embu County holding over 31 wellness installations, several jobs impacting generative wellness were highlighted. These include: oˆ‚? Inadequate attention and support for those septic and affected by HIV/AIDS oˆ‚? Inadequate no. of specialised fact-finding equipment in wellness installations oˆ‚? Inadequate wellness forces in the territory oˆ‚? Lack of young person friendly and male merely clinics in the territory oˆ‚? High incidence of FGM in the County. oˆ‚? Low usage of rubbers due to miss of sufficient instruction. Analysis of cardinal establishments involved in RH services An analysis ( SWOT Analysis ) of the cardinal establishments involved in RH services and STI/HIV/AIDs identified the Ministry of Health and the Office of the President as the key establishments that deal with the Reproductive Health Services in Embu County. Other groups that deal with RH STI/HIV/AIDs are the DSDO and NGOs. The SWOT analysis of MOH and other chief suppliers of Reproductive Health services are as follows: Generative Health ( RH ) Institution Strength Failings Opportunities Menaces MoH – Sustainability of ongoing programmes – expanded web of activities – extremely motivated and committed staff – available fiscal resources – strong corporate image – uncertain when givers pull out – limited coverage of activities to certain countries merely – poorness of the general population taking to non usage of the available services – there is community support for the programmes/projects authorities support – political intervention – competition from NCWK – competition for clients from other NGOS/private sector STI/HIV/AIDS One of the RH concerns that have continued to impact a big population of Kenyans in their generative ages is STI/HIV/AIDS. In Embu District HIV prevalence is of great concern. Unless the spread of HIV/AIDs is checked the territory faces an at hand catastrophe. The civilization beliefs and poorness in the community are some of the major factors that have contributed to the rise in infection rate in the territory. The issue/problems that require pressing attending include: – Main issues/problems Issues/problems that require pressing and conjunct attempts in the territory are: oˆ‚? High incidence of STDs and HIV/AIDS oˆ‚? slow behavioral alteration oˆ‚? inadequate attention and support for orphans Analysis of establishments that trades with HIV /AIDS issues The Ministry of Health, NACC, OP, NGOs ( YWCA, KESPA ) and spiritual organisations ( ACK ) were identified as major establishments that can spearhead the battle against HIV/AIDs. A SWOT analysis of MOH/NCC revealed the followers: and fiscal facets of the programmes as summarized in the tabular array below: – Integration of population variables in the development procedure Institution Strength Failings Opportunities Menaces Ministry of Health, NACC – Expanded web to the grass root degrees and communities – extremely qualified forces – handiness of fiscal resources – hapless direction of available resources – deficiency of confidentiality of information particularly those septic – giver support for programmes and activities – community support for projects/programmes – expensive drugs, which can non be purchased by those septic – high poorness degrees of the population – deficiency of acceptance/stigmatization of those septic Institution Strength Failings Opportunities Menaces Non Governmental Organizations ( MYWO, KCS, ACK, FPAK ) – Qualified and committed forces – available fiscal resources – have web to rural countries – hapless coordination of programme execution – hapless direction of resources allocated for activities – sustainability of programmes in uncertainty – have an expanded web that can be exploited for their benefit – community support strong – there is authorities support for programmes – over dependance on giver support – competition among NGOs for donor support of activities 3.0 Chapter Three: GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF OPINION POLL Develop realistic, specific and mensurable aims that identify PSC ‘ outlooks. The adviser will: a ) Identify ultimate Embu County place being sought B ) Develop clear and specific and mensurable aim that identify Leadership anticipated impact on consciousness, credence and action of each cardinal constittuent to the prospective campaigner degree Celsiuss ) Give attending to the cardinal nonsubjective covering with credence of the campaigner quality Table Drumhead Contentss of a logical model A Narrative Summary Verifiable Indexs Meanss of Confirmation Important Premises Goal: Develop realistic, specific and mensurable aims that identify PSC communicating outlooks. At the Agreement degree, within the period of this undertaking ( estimated clip ) A -Promotion of â€Å" bottom line † favorable public policy result A -Reduction cost of making run A -Support campaigning/operational effectivity Components will Support sentiment canvass cardinal implementers A -The program can be implemented given the resources, and civilization of the organisation Purpose: to incorporate all the PSC communicating plans, public instruction and protagonism attempts. A sentiment canvass planning Model A Proposed sentiment canvass Strategy: A sentiment canvass Program Plan Opinion canvass Components Plans -Goals set, mark audiences, strategic consequences identified A Programs, – Substantive and operational precedences and attacks defined – sentiment canvass plan direction, and plan resources set to implement the scheme -Implementation programs for sentiment canvass Should incarnate an iterative, orderly sentiment canvass procedure Should include audience with constitutional Key authorization and cardinal implementers Must reflect the cooporation and necessitate for/development attitude civilization, End products: constitutional sentiment. -Key scheme that provides the model for Opinion canvass related work of the county -Data collected from the component sentiment canvass study Correct and nonsubjective consequences Activities: a ) Identify and analyse the component with whom the county service and county leading interaction ( cleavage ) B ) Identify wants, footings, and outlooks degree Celsius ) Identify component demand vitamin D ) Identify societal, economic, political, cultural and technological trendsoutputs. vitamin E ) Identify ultimate County place being sought degree Fahrenheit ) Develop clear and specific and mensurable sentiment canvass objectives that identify Leadership anticipated impact on consciousness, leading credence and action of each cardinal public degree Fahrenheit ) Give attending to the cardinal nonsubjective covering with credence of the prospective campaigner development issue during the sentiment canvass g ) Determine the grade to which stated sentiment canvass aims have been met A identify concerns, precedences, issues, consensus Coevals of relevant cognition that will assist in Opinion canvass -All components A -Anyone who will be â€Å" at the tabular array † to O.K. strategic planning proposition A – All cardinal Implementers A – Parties who will be called on to implement the scheme 4.0 CHAPTER FOUR: Action Plan Create action programs and way for the organisation activity and cardinal messages. Measure 1: Develop Messages Messages are closely tied to end and aims. They deliver of import information about the issue and oblige the targeted audience to believe, experience, or act. They will: Show the importance, urgency, or magnitude of the issue Show the relevancy of the issue Put a â€Å" face † on the issue Be tied to specific audience values, beliefs, or involvements of the audience Reflect an apprehension of what would actuate the audience to believe, experience, or act Be culturally relevant and sensitive Be Memorable The messages developed by utilizing the worksheet provided in this annexure will be used in many ways. First, they are a set of statements that adviser and squad agree upon as conveying the cardinal information for PSC enterprise. They will non include all the item and back uping thoughts and informations that PSC may utilize in printed stuffs or other signifiers of communicating. The messages developed in the worksheets will go the implicit in subjects for your stuffs and activities. A motto will be developed based on them. Sets of speaking points will be developed will be usage in doing presentations. And they easy become the footing for wireless and print PSAs, the generation for postings, and may propose subjects for fact sheets, drop-in articles, and even letters to the editor or newspaper columns. Measure 2: Considerations for Questionnaire Construction Using effectual communicating Find cardinal fact about the components. Consideration of what will to be done at assorted phases. This will include determination about the Questionnaire design and Construction, beginning who will administrate the Questionnaire to the cardinal components ( tone, content, tone and manner, verbal and non verbal cue ) . Clarity-Questions must clearly Constructed assure the populace ‘s apprehension and to restrict the alterations for misinterpretation or inappropriate reply. Readability trials can assist find the reading degree required to understand drafted inquiries and aid authors to be painstaking about the choice of words and phrases. Consistency of subtopics-In an ideal universe there would be specific consensus on the significance of new findings, and all messages on a peculiar subject would be consistent. Unfortunately, consistence is sometimes elusive. The information in each subdivision will be analysed differentlyto make sense of the topic. Main points-The chief points should be stressed, repeated, and ne'er hidden within less strategically of import inquiries. Tone and appeal-A message should be reassuring, dismaying, disputing, or straightforward, depending upon the coveted impact and the mark audience. Messages should besides be true, honest and every bit complete as possible. Credibility-The helpers research worker should be credible and trusty. Public need-For a questionnaire to interrupt through the â€Å" information jumble † of society, the inquiries will be based on what the mark audience perceives as most of import to them, what they want to cognize about their prospective leader, and non what is most of import or most interesting to the arising County. Prior to concluding production, the questionnaire will be pretested with the mark audiences to guarantee public apprehension andfor intended responses. The adviser will first analyze what are the barriers and benefits to Embu County component thought, feeling, or moving on issue, what alteration in attitude toward ( the manner they feel about the issue county leading ) do County leading want to actuate in its components to run into its end, and eventually what alteration in the leading behaviour ( daily actions ) the county is seeking to accomplish. based on what the components know about past history, for them to to hear in order to believe, experience or move. This is because obliging inquiries will be used to actuate the component thereof to the candidate.. Chapter FOUR: IMPLEMENTING STRATEGIC Plan Implement the Plan Measure 1: Develop time-line and budget to implement the Opinion canvass. Many tools will be used for forming about clip, fundss, and staff needed to implement an enterprise. The undermentioned stairss will be usage to find execution of timeline, budget and staffing demands: a ) Develop budget and agenda B ) Prepare to implement the sentiment canvass Research programme Measure 2: 1. Listing all activities 2. Sketching the stairss under each activity, , in order, that will take to its completion 3. Delegating a budget estimation to each measure 4. Delegating a staffing needs estimation to each measure 5. working backwards from the activity completion point, delegate a day of the month for each measure in the activity. Table: Embu County sentiment canvass Strategic plan Citation No Phase Activity Schedule/ Time ( Weeks ) Cost ( Kshs. ) 1 Phase one: formative research Measure 1: Analyzing state of affairs ( contrivers, clients, co-workers, ultimate decision-makers, moneymans ) Measure 2: Analyzing Organization a ) Internal environment ( mission, vision and resources ) B ) Public perceptual experience and repute degree Celsius ) External environment ( rivals, oppositions and protagonists ) Measure 3: Analyzing populace a ) Identify and analyse the populace with whom the organisation interact ( cleavage ) B ) Identify wants, footings, and outlooks degree Celsius ) Identify demand for engagement in communicating vitamin D ) Identify societal, economic, political, cultural and technological tendencies 1 1 2 50,000 100,000 100,000 4 250,000 2 Phase two: strategic research Measure 4: Establishing ends and aims a ) Identify ultimate organisation place being sought B ) Develop clear and specific and mensurable aim that identify organisation anticipated impact on consciousness, credence and action of each cardinal public degree Celsiuss ) Give attending to the cardinal nonsubjective covering with credence of the message Measure 5: Explicating action and response schemes ( consideration of what is to be done at assorted phases ) Measure 6: Using effectual communicating a ) Decision about the message, beginning who will show the message to the cardinal populaces, tone, content, tone and manner, verbal and non verbal cue, 1/2 1/2 1 50,000 50,000 100,000 2 200,000 3 Phase three: Tacticss ( consideration of assorted communicating tools including seeable elements ) Step7: Choosing communicating tactics ( inventory trades with assorted communicating options ) a ) Face-to-face communicating and chances for personal engagement B ) Organizational media ( controlled media ) degree Celsiuss ) New media ( uncontrolled media ) vitamin D ) Ad and promotional media ( controlled media ) Measure 8: Implementing strategic program a ) Develop budget and agenda B ) Prepare to implement the communicating programme 1 2 200,000 200,000 3 400,000 4 Phase four: Appraising research ( rating and appraisal ) Measure 1: Measuring strategic program a ) Determine the grade to which stated aims have been met B ) Modify and go on with the communicating activity 1 50,000 1 50,000 5 Grand Total 8 900,000 .. Continued Appendix II: Survey tool ( Questionnaire ) Section A: Election Make you O.K. or disapprove of the occupation Embu County is making as County with devolve powers? Approve Disapprove Do n't cognize Make you O.K. or disapprove of the occupation County leading is making? Approve Disapprove Do n't cognize Right now, how interested are you in the 2012 senator election in the Embu County? Are you: Highly interested Very interested Slightly interested Not at all interested Which one of the undermentioned issues will be the most of import in make up one's minding your ballot for Senator? State how you agree. Issue Strongly hold Agree Disagree Strong disagree Economy Occupations security Health attention Immigration Taxs Ethics/government corruptness Environment Education Development Others ( Please stipulate ) †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ Do n't cognize If the 2012 Senator primary were held today, for whom would you vote if the campaigners were ( For mention: were the lone picks in the Senator primary, how would you vote? ( NAMES ) Regardless of how you plan to vote, which candidate do you believe has the best opportunity of being elected for the place of a senator for the Embu County in 2012 the general election? If the 2012 senator primary were held today, for whom would you vote if the campaigners were: ( PROSPECTIVE CANDIDATES ) ( Do n't cognize ) If ( PROSPECTIVE CANDIDATE of pick ) were the lone picks in the county primary, how would you vote? ( ROTATE ) ( Do n't cognize ) Thinking in front to the following general election, if the 2012 general election were held today for whom would you vote if the campaigners were: Which senator campaigner do you believe is more likely to make anything — including something unethical — to win the election? ( RANDOMIZE PROSPECTIVE CANDIDATES ) ( Do n't cognize ) Section B: Position ON SENSITIVITY AND CAPABILITY CANDIDATE Which senator campaigner do you believe is more likely to make anything — including something anticipated — to win the election ( PROSPECTIVE CANDIDATES ) ? Which senator campaigner do you believe is most prepared to get down taking the state on twenty-four hours one of taking office? ( PROSPECTIVE CANDIDATES ) Regardless of how you plan to vote, which senator campaigner do you believe is the most positive? ( RANDOMIZE ) Regardless of how you plan to vote, which senator campaigner do you believe is the most likely to make something that would abash the county? ( RANDOMIZE PROSPECTIVE CANDIDATES ) Do you believe ( PROSPECTIVE CANDIDATES ) is doing unjust onslaughts against the rival ( s ) ? ( ROTATE NEXT QUESTIONS harmonizing to PROSPECTIVE CANDIDATES ) Yes No Do n't cognizeFrom a gender position, do you believe it is more hard for adult females to acquire in front in today ‘s universe? ( ROTATE )Yes. No. Both the same Neither Do n't cognizeDo you believe the ( PROSPECTIVE CANDIDATE ) run tried to utilize ethnicity as an issue against the Minority?Yes No Do n't Know In respect to the Embu County, and in peculiar the degeneration of authorities, who do you believe benefits most from the recent new fundamental law promulgaration? Presidential Senator components No 1 Do n't cognize Do you believe your pick senator should be, or non be held at all the clip, responsible, and accountable for whatever, is decided, implemented and the subsequent result in the county? Yes, No Do n't cognize Briefly explain†¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ If Senators were elected for Embu County, who do you believe your pick would truly be Senator? Yes No Briefly explain†¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ .. Do you believe the senator would be in truly be in charge, or would at that place be a carbon monoxide senatorship? Would truly be in charge co-senator ship Do n't cognize Briefly explain†¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ .. If ( YOUR PROSPECTIVIVE CANDIDATE ) of were elected Senator and got into a hard County policy state of affairs with another leader, would you anticipate the senator to leap in to support the manner PROSPECTIVE CANDIDATE ) has been making on the run trail? Yes No Do n't cognize Section C: INDIVIDUAL CONSTITUENT PROSPECTS IN REGARD BACKGROUND How would you rate your personal fiscal state of affairs by voting you campaigner of pick? excellent, good, merely just hapless Do n't cognize A twelvemonth from now, do you believe your personal fiscal state of affairs will be better worse Better Lapp Do n't cognize ) Have you personally felt a downward tendency in the economic system or do you believe that ‘s merely something intelligence newsmans are speaking about? Personally felt downswing Merely something intelligence newsmans talk about Neither Do n't cognize The Parliament is presently debating an economic growing bundle that could Include, a revenue enhancement discount wellness insurance of a few 100 shillings. If you received a revenue enhancement discount in the following few months, what do you believe you would make with the money — save it or pass it? Salvage it Spend it Spend some salvage some Do n't cognize Section C: Political Designation Many will hold that, political parties, current political issues and the campaigners that are up for election are the cardinal factors that determine citizens ‘ ballot picks. When you think about political relations, do you believe of yourself pick as dependant of, Partiality and political orientation Party Identification and Ideological party Orientations Individual campaigner – degree grounds Do n't cognize How do you experience near to one of the parties? ( LIST PARTIES ) . Do believe of ego as near to any peculiar party? † If NO: identifiers ( â€Å" yes † ) Make experience self a small closer to one of the parties than the others? â€Å" ( sympathisers ) Do n't cognize, no reply mugwumps ( aˆzno, non near † ) Let me advert some people who have said that they will seek the nomination for SenatorShip in Embu. ( Prospective Campaigner ) . If the following Embu primary for senator were being held today, for which one of the undermentioned campaigners would you vote? ( If â€Å" non certain, † ask: ) Well, which manner do you tilt? Now I ‘d wish to inquire a few inquiries specifically about ( PROSPECTIVE CANDIDATE ) Let me read you a figure of features and inquire you to measure ( PROSPECTIVE CANDIDATE ) on each one. For each point, delight state me whether you feel positive about negative about her, or whether you have impersonal or assorted feelings about her. Please State how positive you experience? Feel Positive Feel Negative Have Neutral/Mixed Feelingss Not Certain Please remark on about your ( Prospective Campaigner ) Experience and competency†¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ . †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ .. Valuess and character†¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ . Warmth and compassion†¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ . Personality and manner†¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ . Her places on the issues†¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ Asked of on behalf the respondents ( FORM A ) . In footings of ( PROSPECTIVE CANDIDATE ) attack to the issues, do you believe as PROSPECTIVE CANDIDATE ) being broad, centrist, conservative in the attack to the issues ( IF â€Å" LIBERAL † OR â€Å" CONSERVATIVE, † ASK for account: ) And do you believe that is really ( liberal/conservative ) or slightly ( liberal/conservative ) in her attack to the issues? State how broad. Preposition /Candidate Very broad Very broad Slightly broad Slightly conservative Moderate Very conservative Not certain

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Jesus in Islam - Essay Example This essay compares the Jesus known by the Muslims and what the Christians think of him (Ali, 124) Both Christians and Muslims agree that Jesus was born of the Virgin Mary, who was pure a clean at heart (Mk 3.16; 7.4 ;). However, Muslims dispute that Jesus was not the son of God but one of His prophets. In the holy Quran, God communicates to the people that Jesus was an ordinary man just like Adam both moulded from the soil through Gods power. Muslims thus hold on that Jesus was not the son of god since he was made just like Adam who has never been referred to as the son of God (Al-Imran, 59-60). Christians on the other side have a strong believe that Jesus was the son of god who was born through the power of the Holy Spirit without the sexual act between Mary and Joseph, who had betrayed her. Attributing Jesus to the son of God in Islam is thus disputed since it is a concept that means that Allah slept with Mary so as to give birth to Jesus which is not true (Quran, 3:45-47). Christians asserts that Jesus was both human and divine being born in form of a man where the virgin Mary conceived over the power of the holy spirit.As such, (Mt 9.34) Christians worship Jesus as the son of God. The bible describes Jesus as a divinity in the trio; god the son god the father and Gog the Holy Spirit (Mk 3.16; 7.4; Lk 24.32, 5). In the bible, God mentions that all the three divinities to be equally both in power strength and holiness (Nelson, 532). Unlike Christians, Muslims, disagree on the divinity of Jesus. They reverse him instead and refer him to one of the Gods messenger who had been sent by Allah to communicate with the mankind. Muslims believes that since Jesus was created just like Adam and other prophets known to him people should not worship him but rather believe in his teachings that he was sent by Allah to communicate this people as a messenger (Quran, 3:59). In Muslim religion, Jesus performed miracles but this does not make

Metropolis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Metropolis - Essay Example The movie, in its first scene, shows how great life is for the elite and how bad it is for the lower class. Freders, the son of the boss of metropolis falls for Maria, who is a leader for the unjust conditions for the workers; this information is kept a secret from her boss. When Rotwang and Freders dad discover Maria's secret, they kidnap her and transform Hel to be an exact copy of her to ruin her reputation. Hel behaves irresponsibly and immorally so the workers will discredit her and their spirit will be broken. Then, in the nick of time, Freders rescues Maria and together they stop the revolution and bring back the feeling of peace and security between the bosses and the workers. Hel is destroyed, Rotwang dies and Freders and Maria live happily ever after. "Metropolis is a story about the people whose backs wealth and success is built upon. It clearly illustrates the dichotomy between those that do, and those that benefit by the sweat of others. The thinkers of Metropolis enjoy a luxurious lifestyle, but their success comes at the price of treating the workers like slaves and deprives them of their individuality." (http://www.ram.org/ramblings/movies/metropolis.html) The director's visio

Augustines City Of God Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Augustines City Of God - Essay Example In his Preface, he gives a surprisingly modern day Abstract and tells us the compulsion, idea and purpose of his writing the book and the significance of its title. "I must consider this city as far as the scheme of this work demands and as occasions serves". Practically speaking it is only a powerful defence of Christianity that took him thirteen years to write and it dominated the political thoughts of medieval ages. Critics call him 'Prophet of Personality' for having possessed one the most impressive personalities, while his style and language are considered as immaculate. Augustine was known to be particularly influenced by Plato. "In The Republic Plato had constructed an ideal city, based on right and instinct with Righteousness, which might almost be described as a City of God, and is actually described by Plato as 'laid up somewhere in heaven,'" Saint Augustine, The City of God ( p. xxii) It was also beginning of search for authentic Christian philosophy to popularise the religion and amass followers. Calling the time as an end of an era, Burleigh says: "Strange as it may seem St. Augustine has no consciousness of living at the end of an era, or even in a period of transition," (1944, p.10). Deane argues that he wrote the book on the 'theology and psychology of fallen man." Augustine replies the charge against the Christians and says they were not responsible for destroying Rome. If the overall view of the book is taken into consideration, it is neither totally political nor wholly religious. From the Preface we can find that Augustine justifies the work he has undertaken as the work of God, and his contribution to Christian theology. "This security it now awaits in steadfast patience, until 'justice returns to judgment'; but it is to attain it hereafter in virtue of its ascendancy over its enemies, when the final victory is won and peace established. The task is long and arduous; but god is our helper." It is also considered to be the 'first major intellectual achievement of Latin Christianity'. Marcellinus, the encouraging friend, perhaps was worried at the consequences of devastatingly negative reaction amongst people, produced by the sacking of Rome with unnecessary violence, which left Christian faith in a negative light. This is a kind of pacification of an ill-treated and humiliated, but proud population, almost an explanation and healing of persisting wounds. While rendering explanation to what happened by saying that the retributions and sufferings were due to ignorant worship of pagan Gods, he does his bit of missionary work by informing the unhappy and vulnerable people about 'City of God' and Christianity, where Jesus is all powerful and merciful and healer of all ills. The crux of the work is establishing Jesus as saviour of mankind. Whatever little kindness was shown to people during destruction of Rome, Augustine argues, was due to

Included in attachments Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Included in attachments - Assignment Example The process occurs in a cycle that recurs. Chet Richards suggests that a decision maker who has the knowledge and ability to process the OODA cycle quickly while identifying and reacting to the issues that arise, is likely to circumvent his or her opponent’s decision cycle; hence, give him or her an advantage over his/her rivals (27). The OODA Loop is instrumental in the conversion of records into information and subsequently into knowledge. Decision makers need to have a good understanding of what data represents if they are to be able to transform it into useful information; this information can then be used to impact knowledge into individuals. This can be done by analysing data, and information using the OODA Loop. The person studying the data analyzes it, orients it to filter information, makes a decision, and then acts based on the decision he/she makes. System analysts ought to have a good understanding of how workstations, networks, operating systems, databases and software operate. This should include knowing their operation potential s and limits; it is easier for a person to analyse what he knows than that which he has no idea about. Technical skills are, therefore, of great importance to any system analyst. In commercial enterprises, system analysts are most likely to work in information technology departments that are tasked with the duty of developing and maintaining systems for the enterprises. They could be could be employed as system developers, designers, or system administrators. Those of them with appropriate technical knowledge could also undertake system maintenance. d. Charge Nurse: Charge nurses are individuals with a lot of experience in nursing; hence acquiring a lot of acquaintance in the process. They can, therefore, be grouped under the category of knowledge employees. e. Software Engineer: This position can be placed under knowledge

Discrimination and Racism against foreign immigrant people in United Essay

Discrimination and Racism against foreign immigrant people in United States - Essay Example These data were collected from 2508 randomly selected adolescent immigrant children between 12 to 18 years age. The study could not find statistically significant relationship either between citizenship and discrimination, or between knowledge of English and discrimination, nor could it find any statistically significant relationship between discrimination and education expectation of respondents when controlling for age. In the US, as the administration struggles to contain racial discrimination, cross-border terrorism had added new dimension to it. Many miles may have been covered from that ugly day, when the U.S. Supreme Court in 1896 in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson, held that â€Å"racially segregated railway cars were both constitutional and reasonable did not violate the rights of Blacks. The majority opinion of the court stated, Laws permitting, and even requiring, their separation in places where they are liable to be brought into contact do not necessarily imply the inferiority of either race to the other, and have been generally, if not universally, recognized as within the competency of the state legislatures in the exercise of their police power. The most common instance of this is connected with the establishment of separate schools for white and colored children, which has been held to be a valid exercise of the legislative power. Legislation is powerless to eradicate racial instincts or to abolish distinctions based upon physical differences, and the attempt to do so can only result in accentuating the difficulties of the present situation. If the civil and political rights of both races be equal, one cannot be inferior to the other civilly or politically. If one race be inferior to the other socially, the Constitution of the United States cannot put them upon the same plane. (Birnbaum and Taylor, 2000, p.166-67; cited by Boston & Nair-Reichert, 2004, p.113). This infamous verdict caused much racial disenfranchisement, which

Education and Fast Growing Society Essay Example for Free

Education and Fast Growing Society Essay The co-educational system has always been an issue of great controversy. Its supporters claim that separating boys from girls is completely unrealistic since schools are supposed to depict society and prepare children to become its active members. On the other hand, those not in favor of it claim argue that single-sex schools are more effective since they are adapted to each sex’s needs and features. There is little doubt that single-sex schools may be more targeted to each sex’s traits. For example, boys’ schools are stricter in order to achieve discipline while girls’ schools focus on teaching them major principals that will help them lead a successful life not only as professionals but also as family leaders later in life. In addition, boys and girls tend to distract each other during the lesson and therefore make it difficult to concentrate. I am of the opinion that co-education has more to offer to the modern society. First of all, single-sex schools are utterly out-of-date and belong to the past when boys and girls socializing was considered immoral. Nowadays, that both sexes are equal, the mentality of creating and maintaining separate educational facilities is unacceptable. Moreover, having girls and boys in the same environment promotes their competitiveness in a creative way which leads to a high quality learning process. In a final analysis, co-education has proved to be more suitable in answering the increasing demands of our fast growing society. Considering how hard women have fought over the years to gain their rights, wouldn’t it be unfair to have separate schools?

The Power Of Brand Accessibility Coca Cola Marketing Essay

The Power Of Brand Accessibility Coca Cola Marketing Essay Coca-Cola is a carbonated soft drink sold in stores, restaurants and vending machines internationally. The Coca-Cola Company claims that the beverage is sold in more than 200 countries. It is produced by The Coca-Cola Company in Atlanta, Georgia, and is often referred to simply as Coke or (in European and American countries) as cola, pop, or in some parts of the U.S. soda. Originally intended as a patent medicine when it was invented in the late 19th century by John Pemberton, Coca-Cola was bought out by businessman As a Griggs Candler, whose marketing tactics led Coke to its dominance of the world soft-drink market throughout the 20th century. The company produces concentrate, which is then sold to licensed Coca-Cola bottlers throughout the world. The Coca-Cola Company has, on occasion, introduced other cola drinks under the Coke brand name. The most common of these is Diet Coke, with others including Caffeine-Free Coca-Cola, Diet Coke Caffeine-Free, Coca-Cola Cherry, Coca-Cola Zero, Coca-Cola Vanilla, and special editions with lemon, lime or coffee. Brand development strategy of Coca Cola has been far reaching and has managed to remain in the limelight ever since it became a favorite with the non alcoholic drinkers.It has been noticed that brand loyalty is an important factor in maintaining the number one position. ounded in the year 1886, the Coca Cola company enjoys the status of being one of the biggest non alcoholic beverage companies of the world. It has a distribution system, which makes it unique from the rest of the non alcoholic beverage manufacturers. Over the years, Coca Cola has passed several tests of brand enhancement and the company makes it a point that the products under the banner Coca Colacontinue to invade the minds of the consumers. The brand development strategy of Coca Cola comprised redesigning of its brand development policies and techniques to keep up with the changing mindset of its consumers. Earlier, this brand believed in the following: Afford ability, Availability, Acceptability, However, this brand development strategy of Coca Cola was re worked to stress on the following instead: Price value, Preference Pervasive penetration.The essence of brand building of the company lies in the fact that it wants its consumers accessibility to be within an arms reach of desire. In an attempt to build its brand identity, as many as 20 brand attributes are tested every month involving as many as 4000 customers. The brand development strategy of Coca Cola is effective as it has been able to construct, manage As well as maintain its brand image. Another reason why this brand has gained unanimous acceptance all around the globe is due to the fact that it has been able to connect very well with its consumers. This impli es brand loyalty. Brand loyalty has been instrumental in keeping up the brand image of Coca Cola. It believes in shelling out the best so that the consumers are retained by default. A part of the brand building technique is also to enhance purchase frequency. The company has also invested in various advertisement campaigns often engaging the services of celebrities around the globe. In addition to the consumers, there is another category of consumers, who increase the consumer base and they constitute the collectors of the brand. The collectors usually indulge in collecting old as well as upcoming logos of Coca Cola, bottles and literary matter. With regard to the brand development of Coca Cola Zero, the company came out with an advertisement, which was quite different from the conventional ones. In this regard, (no calorie beverage), it has shelled out three types of products.  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Coca Cola Classic  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Diet Coke  ·Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Coca Cola Zero. There are few experts who believe that when Coca Cola had the tag line of The Real Thing, it was really that but with the invention of various categories of coke, the real thing changes to many things, and the original flavor is usually lost. Hence, the brand building strategies should be such that it does not confuse people and is able to retain consumers despite the fact that several new non alcoholic beverage firms are on the anvil. The Power of Brand Accessibility If you were another soft drink company, you might define your competitive frame of reference as the cola market or the soft drink market or even the beverage market. But Coke thinks of its business and its market share in terms of share of human liquid consumption. This makes water a competitor. In fact, a Coke executive has said that he wont be satisfied until there is a Coca-Cola faucet in every home. Coca-Colas mantra is within an arms reach of desire. One Final Coca-Cola Fact A recent Coca-Cola annual report reported that the second most recognized expression in the world after ok? is Coca-Cola. Brand Equity-: The brand assets (or liabilities) linked to a brands name and symbol that add from a service. Brand equity is difficult to measure because much of it depends on consumers perception and opinions of a brand. When a product has high brand equity they are successful at retaining their current customers by keeping them satisfied with the quality of products and service. They are also successful at attracting new customers who have heard of the brand through successful marketing or word of mouth. Coca-Colas brand equity is difficult to measure because they have extended their brand to include numerous products. In addition to the numerous of versions of Coca-Cola worldwide that compete against other beverage brands, Coca-Cola competes with itself. Nationally there are numerous versions / brands that are a part of the Coca-Cola family. Some of the brands include Coca-Cola Classic, Dasani Water, Full Throttle, Fanta, and Soy Products. In addition to competing against itself the Coca-Cola Company has saturated the market and consumers who may dislike one product may actually enjoy a different Coca-Cola product. However, the consumer may be unaware that the beverage is actually in the Coca-Cola family. As a result measuring brand equity may be difficult as consumers may be loyal and repeat customers of a brand and not know its origin. Coca Cola was taking its core product, Coke, and expanding the product in new form factors and new overseas markets. The brand promise stayed the same whether it was sold in a Coke store in New York or a road side stand in Mongolia refreshment, good times, and pure Americana. Despite the numerous brands and the difficulty in measuring brand equity it is evident that Coca-Cola has high brand equity. They are a company who has been in business for many years they have gained the business of consumers in the soda market as well as numerous other beverage markets nationally and internationally. Their sales and growth show that they are a successful company Brand identity the brand identity is the audio-visual face of the brand the cues that tell you that you are are in the right place. The brand definition is the formal description of what the brand stands for within different description categories its personality, its values, its stories, its emotional benefits etc.. The brand proposition is the deal the brand is offering you at any given moment the coca-cola comp.has long been recognised as an organisation with significant brand equity with over four four hundread brands available in virtually every nook and crany of the world .the flag ship brand of coca cola has stood the rest of the time over 120 years. Infact coca-cola alone is recognized as the most valuable in the world by the respected inter brand corportionvalued at above US $ 67 billion , the coca-cola brand (coke)has become effectively become a part of modern world culture.though its advertising campaign has changed over the years,coca-cola THE REAL TASTE has always stood for aREAL COLA DRINK with authenticity . the identity has been build by an decade with consistent values and diferentiated elements. Many competitors have aim at cokes but the brand continues to command a number one position globaly in ranking of brand equity. After all If u stand for the real thing every competitor is an imitator. the Coca-Cola bottle design differentiated the identity, the easier it is to protect from infringement. Just coca cols has remained to its time tested identity u have the equallly relivant to you. This brand identity should reflect your own unique equity and care essence this will ensure your brand creativity and identity that is meaning ful and sustainable in long term. Brand image- A unique set of associations in the mind of customers concerning what a brand stands for and the implied promises the brand makes. There could be hardly any person around the world that hasnt heard the name Coca Cola. Ever since it beginning as worlds leading name in cold drinks, Coca Cola has created a strong brand image irrespective of age, sex and geographical locations. Millions of people around the world are consuming cold drinks or soft drinks as part of their daily meal. Coca Cola, ever since its inception has been the leader in soft drink market. Brand image is the significant factor affecting Cokes sale. Coca-Colas brand name is very well known all over the world. Packaging changes have also affected sales and industry positioning, but in general, the public has tended not to be affected by new products. Coca-Colas bottling system also allows the company to take advantage of infinite growth opportunities around the world. This strategy gives Coke the opportunity to service a large geographic, diverse, area. Brand loyalty Brand loyalty is a central construct to marketing. Keeping the consumer satisfied, and loyal enough to frequently purchase just one brand, is more difficult in todays marketplace than ever before. But today, major brands are experiencing heightened brand loyalty due to the growing popularity of the brand as a collectible. A recent Coca-Cola annual report reported that the second most recognized expression in the world after ok? is Coca-Cola. Brand personality:- Brand Personality identity is understood as the set of human characteristics associated with a brand. The brand image building strategy implies the definition of a brand personality and a user personality. Have you ever thought about your personal brand? Brand personalities that 1) Are well-known, 2) offer something different to the world than they do in terms of products and services Coca-Colas brand personality reflects the positioning of its brand. The process of positioning a brand or product is a complex managerial task and must be done over time using all the elements of the marketing mix. Positioning is in the mind of the consumer and can be described as how the product is considered by that consumer. When researching the positioning of a product, consumers are often asked how they would describe that product if it were a person. The purpose of this is to develop a character statement. This can ensure that consumers have a clear view of the brand values that make up the brand personality, just like the values and beliefs that make up a person. Many people see Coca-Cola as a part of their daily life. This similarity between the brand and the consumer leads to a high degree of loyalty and makes the purchasing decision easier Brand Positioning:- The location of a brand in relation to its competitors in some pre-defined space. The space may be defined by criteria used by consumers, such as value for money or age of consumer etc. 5 main factors that go into defining a brand position. 1. Brand Attributes What the brand delivers through features and benefits to consumers. 2. Consumer Expectations What consumers expect to receive from the brand. 3. Competitor attributes What the other brands in the market offer through features and benefits to consumers. 4. Price An easily quantifiable factor Your prices vs. your competitors prices. 5. Consumer perceptions The perceived quality and value of your brand in consumers minds (i.e., does your brand offer the cheap solution, the good value for the money solution, the high-end, high-price tag solution, etc.?) The Coca-Cola Company produce a range of beverages suited to different ages, stages, lifestyles and occasions. This includes soft drinks, diet drinks, juices and juice drinks, waters, energy drinks, sports drinks and cordials. As part of a healthy, varied and balanced diet and an active lifestyle, all products can be enjoyed by the majority of people. It is committed to helping customers select the product that is best suited to their needs through the provision of detailed product information supported by general advice on healthy eating, drinking and lifestyles. It understands that balancing energy intake with energy output is key to a healthy body weight. We therefore provide choice through range of low or no-kilojoule products that are ideally suited to the needs of people who wish to reduce energy intake through beverage selection. Such products are readily available at a similar cost to an equivalent higher energy product. As one of the largest producers and marketers of non-alcoholic beverages we promote physical activity through our active lifestyles programme and sponsorship of sport. Through new product development we will continue to release a range of new types of drinks, including low or no kilojoule products as we look at ways in which to cater to those people who wish to reduce energy intake through selection of lower energy beverages. Children and the role of our beverages Coca cola respect and support the primary role that parents play in decisions affecting the lives of young children, including choices about diet and lifestyle. Beverage choice, like food selection, is a role for parents and we assist them in this through the provision of nutrition information and by making available a wide range of products suitable for all ages, stages and occasions. Coca-Colas longstanding global policy ensures we do not directly market our products to children under the age of twelve. Our brands are not advertised during childrens television times and we do not show children under 12 in advertising or promotional materials drinking our products outside of the presence of an adult. Our sampling events are directed to people over the age of 12. In the small number of schools where we provide vending machines we work with the school to provide a range of beverages, and ensure that lower energy products are priced attractively and the packaging is in a single serve size. Guidelines have been established to oversee the manner in which we work with schools and their tuck shops. It is company practice to sell diet drinks and sugar-free alternatives at a similar price to regular carbonated soft drinks. Retailers offering specials are encouraged to include both the regular and diet versions of our soft drinks. Through new product development it aim to develop more products that meet the unique needs of children and will work with nutrition experts as we do this. For healthy active and growing children, beverages higher in energy can be enjoyed as part of a balanced and varied diet. However, we also provide a range of low or no-kilojoule products also suitable for children. Supporting sport and physical activity Globally, The Coca-Cola Company has a long history of supporting sport and activity. have been a major Olympic Games sponsor since 1928 and also sponsor major international sporting events. Coca-Cola has been an All Black sponsor for the past decade and has also supported provincial netball and rugby. At a grassroots level, Coca-Cola has formed a partnership with the National Association of OSCAR (Out of School Care and Recreation) to develop and implement a national physical activity programme available to 75,000 young New Zealanders. In South Auckland, the Get Moving programme is working to encourage children to participate in local sports and recreation courses. The Pump water brand is now a major sponsor of the Heart Foundations Jump Rope for Heart programme that runs in schools across New Zealand and through the Powerade sports drink brand, we support numerous sporting events around the country. Labelling All products of The Coca-Cola Company provide clear nutrition information in compliance with international regulations. Packaging Coca-Cola is committed to strict environmental guidelines, and to ensuring our packaging has as little impact as possible on the environment. To this end, a recycling project was introduced in New Zealand during 2001 which ensures our PET bottles contain an average of 10% recycled material. Information Programmes Coca colas consumer contact centre provides around the clock access to information about the companies. Pricing It is company practice to sell diet drinks and sugar-free soft drink alternatives at a similar price to regular carbonated soft drinks. Similarly, any competitions or promotions of Coca-Cola can be entered by our consumers who purchase diet Coke. Although at the discretion of retailers, special offers and reduced prices on soft drinks are usually available for both the regular and diet versions of our soft drinks Brand extension :- Brand extension or brand stretching is a marketing strategy in which a firm marketing a product with a well-developed image uses the same brand name in a different product category. Organizations use this strategy to increase and leverage brand equity (definition: the net worth and long-term sustainability just from the renowned name) Conclusion:- The progress and advancement in the field of technology in the fields of soft drink raw material, production, manufacturing, information and communication technology and logistics have great positive impacts on the operations and sales of Coca-Cola. The availability of new soft drink ingredients enables Coca-Cola to introduce new variety of its products to its existing consumers, not forgetting to attract the new consumer groups. The use of the latest information technology has made able the company to attract the new generation of soft drink consumers with the latest features of song downloading. Also the existence of company website has enabled the world to be in touch with the latest progress, promotions